Lesson 8
Lesson 8. Fortition Part 2: Why is 갈 거예요 pronounced 갈 꺼예요?
When a VERB stem ends with ㄴ or ㅁ and is followed by an ENDING that begins with ㄱ, ㄷ, ㅅ, or ㅈ, the beginning consonant of the ending changes to the tense, double consonant form.
Ex)
안다 [안:따] to hug
안고 [안:꼬] = 안다 (to hug) + -고 (and)
안지 [안:찌] = 안다 (to hug) + -지 (suffix)
숨다 [숨:따] to hide
숨고 [숨:꼬] = 숨다 (to hide) + -고 (and)
숨지 [숨:찌] = 숨다 (to hide) + -지 (suffix)
This is also the case with other 받침 that are pronounced as ㄴ, such as ㄵ.
Ex)
앉고 [안꼬] = 앉다 (to sit) + -고 (and)
앉지 [안찌] = 앉다 (to sit) + -지 (suffix)
This is also the case with other 받침 that are pronounced as ㅁ, such as ㄻ.
Ex)
젊다 [점:따] to be young
젊고 [점:꼬] = 젊다 (to be young) + -고 (and)
젊지 [점:찌] = 젊다 (to be young) + -지 (suffix)
In sino-Korean words, when a syllable ends with ㄹ and is followed by a syllable that begins with ㄷ, ㅅ, or ㅈ, the beginning consonant of the second syllable is pronounced as its tense form.
Ex)
결정 [결쩡] decision
실수 [실쑤] mistake
활동 [활똥] activity
When a syllable ends with the modifier form, -(으)ㄹ, and is followed by a syllable that begins with ㄱ, ㄷ, ㅂ, ㅅ, or ㅈ, the beginning consonant of the second syllable is pronounced tense.
Ex)
갈 거예요. [갈 꺼예요.] I’m going to go/leave.
먹을 거 [머글 꺼] something to eat
만날 사람 [만날 싸람] person who one is going to meet
할 수 있어요. [할 쑤 이써요.] I can do it.
Sentence examples that contain more than one of these sounds:
1. 숨지 말고 활동적으로 참여하세요.
[숨찌 말고 활똥저그로 차며하세요.]
Don’t hide, and actively participate.
2. 결정적인 실수를 했어요. 집에 갈 거예요.
[결쩡저긴 실쑤를 해써요. 지베 갈 꺼예요.]
I’ve made a crucial mistake. I will go home.
3. 오늘 만날 사람 젊지 않아요?
[오늘 만날 싸람 점찌 아나요?]
Isn’t the person who you are going to meet today young?