Lesson 9

Unit 25. 뛰다 vs. 달리다

Translations:
뛰다 = to run / to jump / to leap
달리다 = to run

뛰다 and 달리다 both mean "to run," but 뛰다 can also include the meaning of “to jump,” whereas 달리다 only means “to run from place A to place B.” So when you just hear a sentence like 뛰세요, it can mean either “Run!” or “Jump!” You have to tell from the context. Similarly, 잘 뛰어요 can either mean that someone runs well or jumps high.

So when someone (or animals or vehicles) ‘runs’ from place A to place B in a mostly horizontal motion, you can use 달리다, and when someone (or animals or insects) ‘run/jump/move’ in a very bumpy up-and-down motion, you use 뛰다. You can use 뛰다 to describe prices increasing too.

Example #1
“Did you run all the way here?”
여기까지 뛰어왔어요? (o)
여기까지 달려왔어요? (o)

Example #2
얼마나 높이 뛸 수 있어요? = How high can you jump?
얼마나 높이 달릴 수 있어요? (incorrect)

Example #3
이 차 어때요? = How is this car?
- 잘 달려요. = It drives well.
- 잘 뛰어요. (incorrect)

Unit 26. 가슴 vs. 마음

Translations:
가슴 = chest, breasts, heart, mind
마음 = mind

가슴 can refer to the chest, breasts, feelings, or the heart (not the body organ; it’s 심장) whereas 마음 only refers to feelings, heart (not the organ), or mind. The opposite word of 가슴 is often 머리 (head), as in “heart vs. head / emotions vs. reason,” and the opposite word of 마음 is often 몸 (body), as in “mind vs. body.”

Example #1
가슴이 아파요. = My chest hurts. / I am heartbroken.
마음이 아파요. = I am heartbroken.

Example #2
가슴에 손을 얹어 보세요. = Put your hand(s) on your chest.
마음에 손을 얹어 보세요. (incorrect)

Example #3
신나서 가슴이 뛰어요. = I am excited so my heart is pounding.
신나서 마음이 뛰어요. (incorrect)

Unit 27. 수업 vs. 강의 vs. 레슨

Translations:
수업 = class
강의 = class, lecture, online lesson
레슨 = private lesson, video lesson

수업 is a class, and it tends to be used for regular classes that you take, not one-time lectures, whereas 강의 is often translated to ‘lecture’ in English, and it can be used for a one-time class. In universities, however, 강의 is much more commonly used to refer to regular classes as opposed to regular classes at elementary/junior high/high schools, which are called 수업. If you call a class for elementary/junior high/high school students 강의, it sounds like either it is a one-time lecture or an online class(온라인 강의 or 인터넷 강의).

When it comes to 레슨, it often refers to a private class/lesson, especially in the music industry. (e.g. 바이올린 레슨 = violin lesson, 보컬 레슨 = lessons for vocalization and singing, 춤 레슨 = dance lesson) If you learn musical instruments or dance from a teacher with a lot of other students, you would call it 수업. 수업 and 강의 are used together with the verb 듣다 if you are a student, and with 하다 if you are a teacher or a lecturer, whereas 레슨 is used with the verb 받다 if you are a student, and 해 주다 if you are a teacher.

Example #1
오늘 피아노 강의가 있어요. = I have a piano lecture to give.
오늘 피아노 레슨이 있어요. = I have a private piano lesson to take/give.

Example #2
저 인터넷으로 수업 들어요. = I take my lessons online. (Online university only)
저 인터넷으로 레슨 들어요. (incorrect)
저 인터넷으로 강의 들어요. = I watch lessons online. (Online education)

Example #3
“math class”
수학 수업 (middle school, high school)
수학 강의 (university)
수학 레슨 (incorrect)