Lesson 22
So far, you have learned how to conjugate verbs from their infinitive form into the present tense (현재 시제 [hyeon-je si-je]) and the past tense (과거 시제 [gwa-geo si-je]). You have also learned that 하다 [ha-da] has a unique way of being conjugated, so let us practice conjugating 하다 verbs!
하다 = to do
Do you remember how to conjugate 하다?
Conjugation
Dictionary form = 하다
Present tense = 하 + 여요 = 해요 [hae-yo]
Past tense = 하 + 였어요 = 했어요 [hae-sseo-yo]
It was previously mentioned that 하다 is a very powerful and useful word because it can be combined with nouns to create verbs.
Many of the Korean nouns that indicate or describe an action or behavior can be combined with 하다 so they become verbs.
Noun Infinitive Form Present Tense Past Tense
공부 = studying 공부하다 = to study 공부해요 → 공부했어요
일 = work, job 일하다 = to work 일해요 → 일했어요
기억 = memory 기억하다 = to remember 기억해요 → 기억했어요
청소 = cleaning 청소하다 = to clean 청소해요 → 청소했어요
요리 = cooking, dish 요리하다 = to cook 요리해요 → 요리했어요
이사 = moving 이사하다 = to move, to move into a different house 이사해요 → 이사했어요
노래 = song 노래하다 = to sing 노래해요 → 노래했어요
노력 = effort 노력하다 = to make an effort, to try hard 노력해요 → 노력했어요
동의 = agreement, agreeing 동의하다 = to agree 동의해요 → 동의했어요
인정 = admitting, acknowledgement 인정하다 = to admit 인정해요 → 인정했어요
후회 = regret 후회하다 = to regret 후회해요 → 후회했어요
운동 = exercise 운동하다 = to exercise, to work out 운동해요 → 운동했어요
사랑 = love 사랑하다 = to love 사랑해요 → 사랑했어요
말 = words, language 말하다 = to speak 말해요 → 말했어요
생각 = thought, idea 생각하다 = to think 생각해요 → 생각했어요
Making negative sentences with 하다 verbs
In order to make negative sentences using these 하다 verbs (check out Lesson 21 to recap on how to make negative sentences in Korean), you need to separate the noun part and the 하다 part and add 안 in between.
생각하다 → 생각 안 하다
노력하다 → 노력 안 하다
If you remember from Lesson 21, there are two ways to make negative sentences in Korean: adding 안 before the verb and using the verb ending 지 않다. If you want to use 지 않다
with 하다 verbs, you simply conjugate 하다 [ha-da] to 하지 않다 [ha-ji an-ta].